Tubal Diseases
It occurs when the fallopian tubes are blocked or damaged.
This can be caused by scar tissue resulting from Endometriosis, Abdominal or Gynaecological surgery; infections; and tubal ligation. Depends on what is the underlying cause for the blockage or damage to your fallopian tubes, symptoms may vary from abnormal uterine bleeding, painful menstruation, pain during sex, pelvic pain to absent menstruation.
Ectopic pregnancy
This occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterine cavity.
This usually occurs in a Fallopian Tube where a fertilized egg becomes stuck by a blockage in the tube and starts to grow there. In some rare cases, the fertilized egg can implant in other places such as on an ovary, within the cervix, or in the abdomen.
Hyperprolactinemia
What is Hyperprolactinemia?
This occurs when your Pituitary Gland produces excessive amount of Prolactin, which is a hormone that stimulates milk production in women and is usually largely produced during pregnancy and right after birth.
Too much Prolactin leads to a reduced production of Oestrogen from the ovaries which again disturbs the normal menstruation cycle. A low level of oestrogen lowers bone density, increases the risk for Osteoporosis and reduces your protection from heart disease.
Why do I have Hyperprolactinemia?
Benign tumour in the pituitary gland, which is responsible for producing Prolactin, is the most common cause of Hyperprolactinemia. An under active thyroid (Hypothyroidism) or certain medications can also lead to Hyperprolactinemia.
Symptoms
- Irregular periods
- Galactorrhea (milk production when not pregnant)
Recurrent miscarriage
It is defined as a woman who suffers 3 or more consecutive, spontaneous miscarriage.
Women over the age of 35, smoking, caffeine, alcohol and medications can increase the risk of miscarriage. There are many causes for recurrent miscarriage and the most common causes are genetic defect, infection, or a condition in which the cervix is too weak to support a fetus (cervical incompetence).
