Ovulation Disorders

This is the most common cause of female infertility. Women with ovulation disorders may experience irregular or sometimes lack of period. It can be a result of many different conditions, for examples:

What is PCOS?

PCOS is a condition in women whereby the ovary is normal in size but many tiny cysts are found inside the ovary. Women with PCOS typically have insufficient level of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) but excessive amount of Luteinizing Hormone (LH). Lacking FSH stops the follicles to mature and prevents the release of eggs (failure of ovulation). Consequently, these immature follicles develop into small cysts inside the ovaries.

Meanwhile, a high level of LH causes an increase production of Oestrogen and Androgens/Testosterone (male hormones) hindering implantation or causing abnormal hair or acne growth.

Why do I have PCOS?

Although some suggested that heredity may be responsible for the onset of PCOS, no known cause is found for such disorder.

Symptoms
  • Heavy, irregular or, in some cases, absent of menstrual periods;
  • Abnormal growth of acne;
  • Excessive growth of body hair on face, chest and legs;
  • Increased weight and obesity;
  • Infertility.

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Premature Ovarian Failure

This occurs when the ovaries run out of eggs and stop functioning before the normal menopausal age of 40. The cause of this condition remains unknown but exposure to chemical or medical treatments; autoimmune diseases; and genetic disorders can lead to early menopause.

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Hypothalamic Amenorrhea

This occurs when hypothalamus stops producing Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH) necessary for normal menstruation control, causing menstruation to stop (Amenorrhea). It is common in women who experience constant stress, weight changes, poor nutrition and excessive exercise. Rare causes of Hypothalamic Amenorrhea include genetic abnormalities causing either isolated Gondotropin deficiencies or GnRH receptor mutations.

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Ovulatory Dysfunction

This covers a group of disorders, such as anovulation (no ovulation), oligo-ovulation and female athlete triad, in which ovulation stops, or occurs on an infrequent or irregular basis associated with hormonal imbalances, eating disorders, exercise excessively and other medical disorders.

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